Tag Archive: learning about wine

Make learning about wine a new year’s resolution

Yes, the new year arrived about three weeks ago, but there’s no reason you cannot make a resolution now. The year is still young, and there’s plenty of time to resolve to learn more about wine this year. 

What I like to do each year is try to focus my learning on a specific aspect of wine. For example, a couple of years ago (or maybe it was last year) I chose to focus on German wines. I didn’t turn into an expert on German wines by the end of the year, but I knew a lot more on December 31 than I did on January 1. 

I think this year my target will be the Rhône region in France. I really enjoy those massive reds, and the white wines from this region always seem to grab my attention. Yet, I know so little about the region and its wines. I know there’s a northern and southern Rhône but really don’t know the differences in the wines. 

Now that I have my subject in mind, I can explore various resources and study up. I may never be able to remember each and every grape varietal grown in this region, but I will definitely enjoy my studies. 

What will your subject of study for 2009 be? Leave a comment and let us all know!

Sidebar: How to sniff your wine

Hopefully you’ve developed an effective swirling technique. The question that some encounter is how best to sniff and smell the aromas.

Some wine enthusiasts (myself included) feel it’s best to stick your nose as far into the glass as you can. I will put the rim of the glass right against my upper lip and inhale deeply. Others believe that the aromas are best an inch or two above the rim of the glass. I’ve found aromas there, but they are not as strong (to my nose) as deep in the glass.

In the end, the best way to sniff your wine is a personal matter. If you find your nose works best when hovering above the glass, that’s great. If you find you achieve the best results by putting your nose right into the glass, then do it. You can even take some sniffs above the glass and some in the glass.

Bottom line, there’s no right answer. Of course, you aren’t much of a wine enthusiast if you don’t use this topic as an excuse to pour some wine and “do some homework.”

A couple of other topics are worth mentioning here. First, you can sometimes increase the strength of the aromas if you put your hand over the top of the glass while you swirl, thus holding the aromas in until you move your hand away. Second, if you find your sense of smell becoming a bit dulled, smell your hand, your sleeve, or some other item–doing so “resets” your sense of smell so you can go back to the wine and smell it like it’s a new aroma.

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Lesson Four: Studying a wine’s flavors

This lesson is quite similar to the last one where we looked at aromas. Usually, the aromas and flavors will “match” to a certain degree: if you detect black cherries on the nose, there should be some black cherry notes on the palate.

Why is this? If you’ve listened to my Indiana University South Bend podcast episodes, you know the answer. But, if you’re new to the site, let me suggest a little experiment. Get a jelly bean or some other small piece of candy. Use one hand to pinch your nose shut. With your other hand, put the jelly bean in your mouth and begin chewing. You’ll notice that there’s not much flavor there. Now, while still chewing, release your nose. In all likelihood, the flavors became immediately apparent.

If you think back to your elementary school health classes, you’ll recall that the tongue has four flavors that it can sense: salt, sweet, sour and bitter. (Science has all but declared a fifth flavor, known as umami, which is sort of a meaty, savory flavor). Everything else that we identify as flavors actually comes about because of our sense of smell. It’s no wonder, then, that when you have a bad head cold that you can’t taste much in your food.

The most important question, remember, is what do you taste in the wine, not what does someone else taste? I may pick up papaya or something like that, but maybe you’re picking up bananas. There is no right answer, just as there’s no right answer as to the aromas.

What you’re really trying to figure out here is whether the wine is properly balanced (sometimes we say it has “nice structure”). The issue is whether all of the elements are in harmony. Alcohol, flavors, acidity–none of these should be dominant or overpowering. Also, do all of these factors work together at all phases of the tasting experience–at the start, mid-palate, and on the finish? Sometimes flavors will fade in the mid-palate, which is a flaw in the wine.

The problem with all of this, of course, is that until you experience a wine that has good (or bad!) structure, you won’t know what that experience is like. So here’s your homework assignment: go to a wine shop where the staff knows what they are doing. Tell them you’re learning about wine and need to find a medium-priced bottle ($10 to $15 or so) of wine that is nicely balanced/has good structure. The wine could be a Cabernet Sauvignon or Riesling–whatever your preference is will be just fine. Then tell them you’re looking for a cheap bottle (less than $10) that they think is poorly balanced/has bad structure. Unless the shop is one that refuses to stock cheap, crummy wines, they’ll have something that costs around five bucks. Just make sure that the grape varietal is the same as the better wine.

Take both of the wines home and then give them a try, side-by-side. Should you taste them blind? I don’t think so for our purposes here. It’s probably best to know which wine is which so you aren’t confused. It’s just like tasting good food versus bad food. Once you have the experience, you’ll know exactly what we’re talking about.

Here’s the second part of your homework assignment: leave a comment below to tell us what wines you used for this assignment. If you want to try to describe them, that’s great. But at least just let us know what the wines were. That information may be helpful to others.

Finally, as usual, tell me what you think about all of this–think I’m totally nuts? Think I’m spot-on? Leave a comment and engage in the discussion!

Good video on South African wines

Celebrate Wine has a terrific video of Ken Forrester talking about South African wines. Go watch it and learn.

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Lesson Three: Studying wine’s aromas

“What do you smell?”

I’ve asked that question of students many times. At first, it strikes fear into their hearts, almost as if I am putting them on the spot, requiring the Correct Answer or else.

The hardest thing to get across is that there is no Correct Answer. It takes quite a leap of faith to accept that premise. We are all used to believing that what other people perceive is what we perceive as well. If I point to a sunny sky and say that the sky is blue, everyone’s perception is the same. If I smell the rotten eggs smell of a poorly adjusted catalytic converter and mention it, everyone else knows what I’m talking about. We all know what chocolate tastes like.

But when it comes to wine, it becomes more complicated, more confusing. Wine often has many aromas in the glass, and it can be hard to distinguish them. Further adding to the challenge is the fact that aromas can be ghost-like–a particular aroma will be noticeable one moment, and gone the next. It may return, or it may not. And then, of course, is the stumper–”I know this aroma, but I can’t put my finger on it.” It can be maddening. Reading tasting notes doesn’t help either–what do toasty melons smell like anyway?

It’s time for some sanity. Here’s my take on the idea of aromas.

First, don’t worry about it too much. Instead of trying to identify each aroma in the glass, study the intensity of the aromas. Are they non-existent? Subtle? Moderate? Powerful? Overpowering? Just enjoy the aromas in terms of their strength.

Second, decide whether the aromas are pleasant. If you find the aromas attractive, that’s a good sign. If there’s something the puts you off–swamp gas, musty or moldy smells, etc.–that can be a bad sign.

Third, try to generally describe the aromas. Are they floral? Fruity? Spicy? Earthy? Something else?

Once you’ve narrowed these issues down, then you can use a tool to help you better identify the aromas. One great tool happens to be free, the Wine Aroma Card published by Vinography.com. To be frank, I wish I had thought of this. But I’m glad that Alder Yarrow did and made it available to everyone. This card is something you can print out, cut to size, fold and carry in your wallet. No larger than a business card, it’s almost perfect. You can take it with you to wineries, tasting events, or just use it at home on a Tuesday evening.

A second tool is not free, but it’s well worth the low cost. The Wine Aroma Wheel is the creation of Ann C. Noble, a professor in California. It organizes aromas by broad and then increasingly narrow categories. This format works well for some, not so well for others. The disadvantage to this wheel is that its size precludes you from carrying it in your pocket, but it seems to be a bit more organized than the aroma card.

Okay, so you have a better idea now how to identify and describe wine’s aromas. But why the #!%@$ do we even care?

This is a great question. For most wine drinkers, it probably doesn’t matter if you can identify the aromas in a glass of wine. Even for most enthusiasts it may not make a difference. If you want to enjoy wine and not become too serious, don’t sweat it. Just enjoy the experience and don’t give it a second thought.

The important point here is that you do not have to be able to pick out every aroma in order to find pleasure in wine. If you want to work toward being able to identify particular aromas, then practice doing it. But if you can’t seem to get the hang of it, you can still be as much a wine enthusiast as anyone else. My own olafactory senses are not that great, but that doesn’t stop me from drinking and having fun with wine. Sometimes I can pick out an aroma, most of the time I don’t. But I don’t care.

And you don’t need to care, either. Just enjoy the wine. Over time you’ll find yourself becoming more interested in trying to distinguish the wine aromas. Maybe you won’t. But you’ll definitely enjoy the wine more if you pay some attention to the aromas.

I know my “don’t worry about it position” disagrees with many others. What do you think? Leave a comment and tell me if I’m all wet or if I might be on to something.

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